Félix houphouët-boigny children
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Félix Houphouët-Boigny
First president of Ivory Coast, from 1960 to 1993
"Houphouët-Boigny" redirects here. For other uses, see Houphouët-Boigny (disambiguation).
Félix Houphouët-Boigny (French:[feliksufwɛ(t)bwaɲi];[1][2] 18 October 1905 – 7 December 1993), affectionately called Papa Houphouët or Le Vieux ("The Old One"), was an Ivorian politician and physician who served as the first president of Ivory Coast from 1960 until his death in 1993. A tribal chief, he worked as a medical aide, union leader, and planter before being elected to the French Parliament in 1945. He served in several ministerial positions within the Government of France before leading Ivory Coast following independence in 1960. Throughout his life, he played a significant role in politics and the decolonisation of Africa.
Under Houphouët-Boigny's politically moderate leadership, Ivory Coast prospered economically. This success, uncommon in poverty-ridden West Africa, became known as the "Ivorian miracle"; it was due to a combination of sound planning, the maintenan
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The Ivory Coast’s Félix Houphouët-Boigny – “A Master Manipulator and Destabilizer”
The late President Félix Houphouët-Boigny of Côte d’Ivoire (Ivory Coast) did not look like a “strong man.” He was small of stature, and he spoke softly. Nevertheless, during his 33 years as head of state (1961–1994) he was one of Africa’s most powerful leaders. He brought prosperity to his farmers and interfered in the internal affairs of his neighbors, often with deadly results. President Houphouët-Boigny is one of Africa’s founding fathers profiled in detail by former Assistant Secretary of State for African Affairs Herman J. Cohen. It is through the one-on-one conversations Cohen had with these leaders that we come to understand why Africa has lagged behind the rest of the world since the end of colonialism a half-century ago. His account of these conversations provides a road map for U.S. policy toward Africa in the twenty-first century.
Cohen discusses key events in the region, including the Angolan Civil War (November 1975 – April 2002); the (temporarily effective) peacekeeping efforts mod
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Félix Houphouët-Boigny
(1905–93)
African statesman. In 1944 he was a co-founder of the Syndicat Agricole Africain, formed to protect Africans against European agriculturalists. He represented Côte d'Ivoire (formerly the Ivory Coast) in the French Assembly (1945–59), and in 1946 formed the Parti Démocratique de la Côte d'Ivoire. At first allied with the Communist Party, he broke with it in 1950, and cooperated with the French to build up the economy of his country. When Côte d'Ivoire was offered independence in 1958, he campaigned successfully for self-government within the French Community. He became President of Côte d'Ivoire in 1960 in a one-party state, and his international policies have been recognizably moderate. He also maintained close links with France. In May 1990 opposition parties were allowed to function, and he was re-elected in presidential elections later that year. Following his death in 1993 he was succeeded as President by Henri Konan Bedie.
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